Gnuplot

Overview

Gnuplot is a program for plotting scientific data. The resulting figures can be of very high quality, provided that attention is paid to detail. Impressive examples can be found on the gnuplot homepage. This page does not provide a detailed manual for gnuplot, but instead focuses on specific aspects typically encountered in the CSML when creating figures for manuscripts.

PDF terminal

The version of gnuplot installed on all local machines has been compiled with PDFlib, which makes it possible to directly produce PDF images. Such figures offer the important advantage that they are fully scalable and yet have a small file size. Choose this terminal via

 set term pdf enh [additional options]
 set output "filename.pdf"

Sometimes, fine-tuning of the resulting PDF figure is most conveniently done in Adobe Illustrator: each component of the figure will appear as an object that you can move, resize, etc.

Encapsulated PostScript terminal

Often when the output of a gnupot script requires further formatting it is easiest to do so using the Encapsulated PostScript (EPS) terminal. This is essentially the same as the PostScript terminal except that it contains some extra lines that allow it to interface with other programs. Invoke the EPS terminal via

 set term post eps enh color [additional options]
 set output "filename.eps"

For possible options see the instructions for the PostScript terminal on this page. One advantage of .eps files is that they can be edited directly in a text editor. See below for an example. Once the eps file has been formatted properly, you can convert it to PDF format using epstopdf. Executing the command

 epstopdf filename.eps

will create the PDF file filename.pdf.

Formatting labels

When choosing for instance an axis label via

 set xlabel "textlabel"

it is straightforward to use simple text, however often special formatting is necessary. A brief set of rules follows. For italic script place

 {/Helvetica-Italic [text]}

inside the quotes, where [text] is what you wish to have in italics. All variables should be in italics. For greek letters use

 {Symbol [text]}

where [text] is any character off of the list linked here. For italic Greek characters use

 {Symbol-Oblique [text]}

More instructions are available here.

Sample usage script

The following is a sample gnuplot script. Everything in braces should be replaced. Again, see the gnuplot homepage or appropriate tutorial for more comprehensive usage.

 set term post eps enh color {dashed|solid} lw 2
 set output "filename.eps"
 set encoding iso_8859_1
 set key top right
 set format x "%3.2f" #format tics to have max 3 digits and
 set format y "%3.2f" #max 2 digits after the decimal
 set xlabel "{xLabel}"
 set ylabel "{yLabel}"
 set xrange [{xmin}:{xmax}]
 set yrange [{ymin}:{ymax}]
 plot "datafile.dat" using 1:2:3 with errorbars

General usage tips

• Journals typically prefer Helvetica as the typeface for figures.
• The origin should be marked with '0', not '0.0'. If you produce a figure directly in PDF format, this can be fixed in Adobe Illustrator. However, it is easier to use the EPS terminal and then edit the resulting .eps file using sed:

  sed -i 's/(0.0)/(0)/g' filename.eps
  

• Gnuplot accepts abbreviated commands: you just have to enter enough characters to uniquely resolve a command. For example, it is acceptable to write

  plot "file.dat" us 1:2:3 w err
  

  instead of

  plot "file.dat" using 1:2:3 with errorbars
  

Binary version for OS X

• Compiled on OS X 10.9.3
• Current version is Gnuplot 4.6.5
• Includes GNU Readline library and PDF term
• Installation procedure is not very sophisticated, but the resulting installation will be correct. First download gnuplot_osx_465.zip and save to /tmp. Then:

  sudo bash
  cd /usr/local
  unzip /tmp/gnuplot_osx_465.zip
  exit
  

• You can now invoke gnuplot from a terminal window